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Scientific Journal of the National Academy of Internal Affairs

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  • Vol. 31, No. 2, 2026

  • Institutional and legal mechanisms for environmental monitoring and control within the framework of the European Green Deal: A comparative analysis of EU and Ukrainian policies

  • Received 05.01.2026,
  • Revised 13.04.2026,
  • Accepted 26.05.2026
  • Published 01.06.2026
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Vol. 31, No. 2, 2026
  • environmental law; climate law; environmental policy; climate planning; environmental risk assessment; fulfilment of climate commitments; harmonisation of legislation
  • https://doi.org/10.63341/naia-herald/2.2026.85
  • Pages 85-103

The study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of the environmental monitoring and control mechanisms in the European Union and Ukraine, considering the current requirements of the European Green Deal. The study used formal-legal, institutional and comparative-legal methods to analyse regulatory framework for environmental monitoring and control, characteristics of institutional coordination in environmental governance, and compare environmental regulation models of the European Union and Ukraine. The study demonstrated that, within the framework of the European Green Deal, an integrated model of environmental governance has emerged, combining mechanisms for climate regulation, industrial environmental control, the digitalisation of environmental information, multi-level institutional coordination and the enforcement of environmental legislation. Five structural elements of this model have been identified, and the study established that the systems for monitoring, reporting and verifying greenhouse gas emissions, as well as the European Environment Information and Observation Network, ensure the integration of environmental data into procedures for climate planning, environmental risk assessment and supranational monitoring of compliance with climate commitments. The study has established that environmental monitoring in the European Union has evolved from a mechanism for identifying breaches of environmental legislation into a system of continuous regulatory oversight and assessment of the effectiveness of environmental policy. The study also found that the implementation of European environmental standards in Ukraine is accompanied by an expansion of environmental monitoring functions through the integration of environmental impact assessment procedures, strategic environmental assessment and the system for monitoring, reporting and verifying greenhouse gas emissions. The study determined that in Ukraine, environmental monitoring is predominantly used within the framework of control, reporting and permitting procedures, whereas in the European Union, monitoring results are integrated into mechanisms for strategic planning, environmental risk assessment and verification of compliance with climate commitments. The practical significance of the findings is determined by possible use of identified structural and functional differences between the European Union and Ukrainian models to further harmonise the Ukrainian environmental monitoring and control system with the European Union’s acquis communautaire in the field of environmental protection

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