en

Scientific Journal of the National Academy of Internal Affairs

  • Received 19.06.2025,
  • Revised 13.10.2025,
  • Accepted 25.11.2025
Download article Download article
Vol. 30, No. 4, 2025
  • bullying; administrative supervision system; legal relations; child rights; bullying prevention
  • https://doi.org/10.63341/naia-herald/4.2025.09
  • Pages 9-19

Given the rapid spread of bullying and the emergence of new forms of its manifestations, it becomes necessary to investigate the dynamics of the development and establishment of administrative legal relations to counteract it. The purpose of the study was to compare administrative legal relations on countering bullying in different countries. To achieve this goal, considering the contemporary human- centred legal understanding, such methods as historical, comparative legal, modelling, and dogmatic were used. The study was devoted to a comparative legal analysis of administrative and legal mechanisms for countering bullying in the children's environment, in particular, in the context of the experience of European states. It was emphasised that no European legal system has developed a universally effective toolkit for responding to bullying, but in a number of countries, in particular in Germany, a high level of institutional autonomy of educational institutions has been formed, which have broad administrative powers to introduce internal preventive and procedural practices. In such models, society is actually integrated into the system of administrative supervision and is an active subject of countering any manifestations of violence, which demonstrates significant effectiveness in ensuring a safe educational environment. Based on an interdisciplinary approach that combines administrative and legal analysis, elements of the sociology of deviant behaviour and comparative research, the hypothesis of the need to modernise Ukrainian legislation in the field of countering bullying, in particular, by introducing amendments to the Code of Administrative Offences of Ukraine, was substantiated. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its results by government agencies at various levels to improve the effectiveness of interaction and improve administrative procedures for responding to bullying cases 

References

  1. Bezzubov, D., Tychna, B., & Armash, N. (2024). Globalization and its impact on the development of administrative law in Ukraine. Social Law, 1, 83-89. doi: 10.32751/2617-5967-2024-01-09.
  2. Bullying: Types, responsibility, countermeasures. (2021). Retrieved from https://yur-gazeta.com/golovna/buling-vidi-vidpovidalnist-protidiya.html.
  3. Cheng, T.C., & Lo, C.C. (2024). Risk and protective factors in children bullying perpetration: Application of the multiple disadvantage model. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 40(9-10), 2071-2092. doi: 10.1177/08862605241270009.
  4. Collins, T.M., & Wright, L.H.V. (2022). The challenges for childrenʼs rights in international child protection: Opportunities for transformation. World Development, 159, article number 106032. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.106032.
  5. Dahlström, A., Dahlqvist, H., & Gådin, K.G. (2025). Co-occurring cyber and in-person victimisation of bullying and sexual harassment: The associations to depressive symptoms in Swedish adolescents. BMC Public Health, 25, article number 786. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-21989-w.
  6. Dniprov, O. (2021). Administrative-legal relations in the conditions of transformation of the subject of administrative law. Entrepreneurship, Economy and Law, 3, 175-179. doi: 10.32849/2663-5313/2021.3.27.
  7. Galunko, V. (2017). Administrative and legal relations: An algorithm for studying social relations. Scientific Notes Kirovohrad State University Named After Volodymyr Vynnychenko. Series: Law, 1, 4-10.
  8. Galunko, V.V., et al. (2015). Administrative law of Ukraine. Vol. 1. Kherson: Grin D.S.
  9. Grazia, V., & Molinari, L. (2021). School climate multidimensionality and measurement: A systematic literature review. Research Papers in Education, 35(5), 561-587. doi: 10.1080/02671522.2019.1697735.
  10. Hellström, L., Thornberg, R., & Espelage, D.L. (2021). Definitions of bullying. In P.K. Smith & N. OʼHiggins (Eds.), The Wiley Blackwell handbook of bullying: A comprehensive and international review of research and intervention (pp. 3-21). Hoboken: Jon Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  11. Kharytonova, O.I. (2004). Administrative-legal relations: Conceptual principles and legal nature. (Doctoral thesis, National University “Odesa Law Academy”, Odesa, Ukraine).
  12. Kidwai, I., & Smith, P.K. (2024). A content analysis of school anti-bullying policies in England: Signs of progress. Educational Psychology in Practice, 40(1), 1-16. doi: 10.1080/02667363.2023.2250258.
  13. Kolesnikova, M.V., & Zinchenko, G.S. (2022). State policy in the sphere of bullying from the side of teachers in foreign countries. Legal Scientific Electronic Journal, 1, 188-191. doi: 10.32782/2524-0374/2022-1/47.
  14. Kołodziejczyk, J. (2025). Impact of the leadership styles of school principals on bullying victimization and perpetration among youth. BMC Public Health, 25(1), article number 602. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-21556-3.
  15. Korniychenko, A.O. (2020). Administrative and legal mechanism for preventing bullying: Prospective experience of the Republic of Korea. Scientific Bulletin of the International Humanitarian University. Series: Jurisprudence, 46, 86-89. doi: 10.32841/2307-1745.2020.46.18.
  16. Maksymenko, O. (2024). Legal analysis of the powers of subjects of administrative legal relations regarding combating bullying in the childrenʼs environment. Current Issues in Modern Science, 10(28), 392-403. doi: 10.52058/2786-6300-2024-10(28)-392-403.
  17. Marrus, E., & Laufer-Ukeles, P. (Eds.). (2022). Global reflections on childrenʼs rights and the law. Abingdon: Routledge.
  18. Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
  19. Pastukh, I., Bass, V., Bukhtiiarov, O., & Maksymenko, O. (2022). International approaches to legal regulation of juvenile justice and juvenile prevention. Cuestiones Políticas, 40(73), 345-363. doi: 10.46398/cuestpol.4073.18.
  20. Podolski, A., Forystek, K., & Kinga, K. (2022). Cyberbullying and interpersonal aggression as a public health problem – for the consideration of educators and tutors. Archives of Budo, 18, 317-326.
  21. Popyk, A., Paula, P., Małgorzata, W., & Mondry, M. (2024). Relationship between school bullying victimization and social attachment patterns in adulthood. Studia Socjologiczne, 2(253), 139-157. doi: 10.24425/sts.2024.151014.
  22. Pylypiv, R.M. (2020). Certain issues of improving administrative and legal counteraction of bullying in Ukraine. Scientific Notes of the V.I. Vernadsky TNU. Series: Legal Sciences, 31(70), 144-148. doi: 10.32838/TNU-2707-0581/2020.3/25.
  23. Rating group. (2025). Two-thirds of teenagers have experienced bullying. Connection with stress. Retrieved from https://www.ratinggroup.ua/news/family360-mh5.
  24. Sáenz-Hernández, I., Ginoyan, K., Goigner, K., & Slapakova, L. (2024). Bullying in Spanish high schools: Intersection of gender and immigrant background. Children and Society, 38(4), 1334-1351. doi: 10.1111/ chso.12804.
  25. Sai, L., Nazarenko, V., & Oseredchuk, A. (2023). Globalization processes and the participation of the EU in them. Economy and Society, 50. doi: 10.32782/2524-0072/2023-50-18.
  26. Schirra, H.J. (2024). Excursus: “Bullying as a criminal offence”: Consideration of the current legal classification of bullying in Germany. In M. Böhmer & G. Steffgen (Eds.), Bullying in schools: Measures for prevention, intervention and aftercare (pp. 19-32). Wiesbaden: Springer Wiesbaden. doi: 10.1007/978-3-658-43576-9_2.
  27. Strelchenko, O.G., Bukhtiyarova, I.G., & Bukhtiyarov, O.A. (2022). Administrative and legal characteristics of bullying-related concepts within the framework of gender policy in Ukraine. Legal Scientific Electronic Journal, 11, 487-491. doi: 10.32782/2524-0374/2022-11/118.
  28. Sudenko, Y.A. (2021). Legal and psychological characteristics of bullying and its prevention. (PhD dissertation, National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, Ukraine).
  29. Vedernikova, A.O. (2020). American experience in criminal law regulation of bullying. Bulletin of the Luhansk State University of Internal Affairs named after E.O. Didorenko, 2(90), 90-102. doi: 10.33766/2524-0323.90.90-102.
  30. Zaporozhets, A.K., Myronyuk, T.V., & Levchenko, Y.O. (2020). Bullying in Ukraine – criminological characteristics and prevention. Kyiv: Publishing House of LLC “NVP”Interservice”.